Larry Swedroe

When Everyone Trades the Same Factor Playbook

What happens to market prices when millions of investors simultaneously follow the same mechanical rules to rebalance the same portfolios? If you allocate to factor strategies, this paper has interesting findings as to where your returns are actually coming from.

How AI Can Help Find the Needle in the Haystack

Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming the investment landscape in ways that extend far beyond algorithmic trading and robo-advisors. One of AI's most promising applications lies [...]

Retail Investors and the Mispricing Puzzle

Institutional investors are frequently spoken of in the finance literature as “smart money” while retail investors are considered “noise traders” who suffer from a variety [...]

The Hidden Risks of Leveraged Single-Stock ETFs

Leveraged ETFs function precisely as designed—they deliver leveraged exposure to daily returns, not long-term performance. Problems emerge when investors misuse these instruments for purposes they weren't built for, particularly buy-and-hold investing or long-term wealth accumulation.

Taming the Anomaly Zoo: How Macroeconomic Forces Shape Market Returns

Success lies not in collecting exotic anomalies like rare zoo specimens, but in understanding the economic forces that drive sustainable return patterns. Focus on strategies with solid macroeconomic foundations, maintain healthy skepticism about new discoveries, and always account for implementation costs.

Is Trend Following Better than “Buy the Dip”?

"Buy the dip" (BTD) has become one of the most popular investment mantras of recent years, especially since the COVID-19 market recovery in 2020. The strategy seems intuitive: when markets fall, buy at a discount and wait for the inevitable rebound. However, BTD is not foolproof. By design, it performs well when market declines are brief, but poorly when declines mark the beginning of a prolonged drawdown. A new paper from AQR Capital Management, “Hold the Dip,” examines the empirical evidence and puts this popular strategy to the test.

The Tax Revolution: How ETFs Are Reshaping Investment Strategies

While many investors initially gravitated toward ETFs for their intraday trading capabilities, lower expense ratios, and commission-free trading options, a deeper story has emerged: tax efficiency has become the primary driver of this massive migration, particularly for long-term taxable investors.

Where Factors Speak Loudest: Why Size Matters in Factor Investing

The size effect is alive and well, but it's more nuanced than we once thought. Rather than viewing it as a simple "small beats large" phenomenon, we should understand size as a critical dimension that shapes how effectively other investment factors perform.

ESG Metrics: Just Information or Value-Added Investment Intelligence?

As portfolios incorporate more sustainability data—from climate impact assessments to labor practices and board diversity metrics—a critical question emerges: Does this wealth of ESG information actually enhance portfolio performance, or is it merely additional data without tangible investment value?

Unlocking REIT Returns: Real Estate Investment Factors

Letdin, Seagraves, and Sirmans advanced our understanding of REIT asset pricing by developing and rigorously testing six REIT-specific return factors—size, value, momentum, earnings quality, low volatility, and short-term reversal—using decades of data.

Hindsight and Survivorship Biases in Managed Futures

Handy and Meksi provided a clear warning: relying on past performance to select CTAs is a strategy fraught with risk, largely due to behavioral biases that distort our perception of skill and persistence. For investors, the lesson is to stay humble, diversify, and focus on robust processes rather than chasing yesterday’s winners.

Insider Trading Increases Market Efficiency

The empirical research (for example, here, here, here and here) on insider trading demonstrates that insider transactions have significant predictive power for future stock returns [...]

Enhancing Momentum Strategies

Momentum investing remains a viable strategy. However, the way you construct and manage your momentum portfolio matters greatly.

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